Why Does My Cat Have Bald Spots?

Noticing bald spots on your cat’s fur can be surprising and may indicate an underlying health issue. From pesky parasites to skin allergies, there are several reasons why your feline companion might be experiencing hair loss.

Cats are notoriously uptight about their appearance, and many seem to spend more time on their looks than the average Drag Race contestant. But sometimes their sleek appearance is marred by an unsightly bald spot. Where could that have come from and why is it ruining all of your cat’s hard work?

Related article

What’s Up With My Cat’s Skin?

Everything you need to know about cat allergies, according to three veterinary dermatologists.

Common causes of bald spots on cats

Your cat’s commitment to looking great may actually result in bald spots. Many causes of missing hair in cats are self-inflicted, meaning they are caused by overgrooming. Cat tongues are covered in barb-like structures that help with drinking, eating, and grooming. Those tiny little hooks on the surface of their tongue are why it feels like you’re being scraped with sandpaper when your cat licks something off your finger.

Rough cat tongues are great at removing foreign material or parasites from their coat and leaving fur straight and shiny. They’re also tough on hair if used excessively. The irregular surface of a cat’s tongue can cause hairs to be pulled out or broken as a cat grooms. This isn’t an issue with normal grooming but can lead to bald spots when licking gets excessive. Overgrooming isn’t the only cause of bald spots in cats, but it is the most common one. But what causes a cat to groom too much?

Allergies

Most causes of overgrooming are due to itchiness, and allergies cause a lot of irritation. Allergies can develop to anything a cat comes in contact with, but flea, food, and environmental allergies are some of the most common types. Cats with allergies are often generally itchy, though there may be a localized component if they’re dealing with a contact allergy.

Parasites

Many external parasites can affect cats, including:

• Fleas

• Lice

• Chiggers

• Ear mites

• Sarcoptic mange (scabies)

• Demodectic mange

• Fur mites

• Flies/mosquitoes

In addition to possibly triggering an allergic response to their bites, fleas cause itchiness just by moving around between hairs. Ear mites usually stay in the ears, but they can migrate to the face in cases of severe infestations. They create a lot of irritation, and constant scratching can lead to bald spots on the head and face.

Mange is not as common in cats as it is in dogs, but scabies causes severe itching and is transmissible to humans. Some of these parasites are not easily seen with the naked eye, so don’t assume that your itchy cat is parasite-free just because you don’t see fleas.

Ringworm

Ringworm is a fungus (not a worm) that causes itchy bald spots. In cats, these bald spots often appear on the head or legs. Ringworm can spread to people and other animals, so be sure to get any suspicious bald spots checked out by your veterinarian.

Other infections

Other skin infections can cause hair loss, discharge, and an increase in grooming. Cats can develop abscesses beneath their skin that cause swelling, thinning of the skin, and hair loss. Abscesses most commonly develop after cat fights. Superficial infections by bacteria, yeast, or fungi can result in bald spots as well.

Medical conditions

Bald spots can also show up without any help from a cat’s tongue. Medical problems like hyperthyroidism (especially in older cats), cutaneous lymphoma, and certain malignant cancers (especially pancreatic cancer) can affect a cat’s hair.

Cats with these problems may have bald spots appear overnight, and hair that can easily be removed in clumps. Cats with bladder stones or bladder inflammation will often overgroom their bellies over their bladder, likely due to pain in the area.

Stress or anxiety

Some cats are worriers, and overgrooming can be a sign of stress or anxiety. While some cats may overgroom temporarily during a stressful time, some develop a behavior disorder called psychogenic alopecia. This disorder is not common, but it is a compulsive disorder that results in bald spots due to excessive licking, even when a stressor is not evident.

Hair growth problems

Cats can also develop bald spots due to a pause in the hair growth cycle. This is uncommon but can occur as a result of severe stress. It may be hard to relate this to a specific event though because the hair may take days to months to fall out and fail to regrow. Exposure to certain medications (like chemotherapy agents) or topical substances (like diesel) can also cause hair to fall out.

Related article

What to Know About Fungal Skin Infections in Cats

Itchy and definitely not fun — here’s what to look out for.

How to know if your cat is grooming too much

All cats have different grooming habits. Some love nothing more than to plop down in the middle of a crowd and smack loudly on what most people would consider a private part of their body. Others prefer their privacy and only groom when they’re feeling safe and out-of-sight. Both types of cats can still groom excessively, but it may not always be obvious.

• Cats that are grooming excessively (called barbering) may show some of the following signs:

• Vomiting, often with hair in it

• Constipation or straining to defecate

• Hair in their feces

• Stubble (prickly fur) in overgroomed areas

• Increased grooming frequency

• Excessive licking at one area

• Biting at skin

• Stopping to groom suddenly

• Skin redness or irritation

• Saliva staining of hair (in lighter-colored cats)

Even if you don’t witness excessive grooming, seeing these symptoms could give you a clue that your cat’s bald spots are self-inflicted. This is valuable information to relay to your veterinarian because the causes for spontaneous hair loss are usually different from the causes for overgrooming.

Related article

What to Know About Tapeworms in Cats

What to look for and how to treat this (and be able to eat rice again).

How to treat bald spots on cats

The process for treating bald spots in cats starts with determining the cause. Because there are so many possible causes for hair loss in cats, pinning down the reason for missing hair is vital to developing an appropriate treatment plan. Your vet can help determine the cause for your cat’s bald spots and work with you to get their full, shiny coat back.

The steps in diagnosing and getting rid of bald spots in cats include:

Physical examination

Your veterinarian will want to perform a thorough examination of your cat to see if any cause for bald spots is evident. This includes checking for visible parasites, examining the skin for changes, and checking for signs of other medical problems that could be triggering hair loss or overgrooming.

Testing

After gathering a history of your cat’s behavior and symptoms and examining your cat, your vet may have a better understanding of which causes are most likely for your cat. Testing can help figure out how to treat bald spots on your cat.

Checking for every possible cause for bald spots would be a lot for your cat to go through, so your veterinarian will most likely start with some basic tests and progress from there. Some common tests for bald spots include:

• Skin scraping

• Skin cytology

• Hair examination

• Fungal culture

• Blood work and thyroid testing

• Urinalysis

• Skin biopsy

• Skin allergen testing

• Cancer screening

Developing tailored treatment plans

Based on the results of testing, your veterinarian can recommend a treatment plan for your cat’s bald spots. There’s no one-size-fits-all solution because there are so many causes for cats to overgroom or lose hair. Some conditions require daily medications to get under control, either for the short or long term.

Some can be resolved with topical therapy with medicated shampoos or ointments only. Others can require treatment of an underlying condition like hyperthyroidism or cancer to fix the problem at its root.

Preventing future bald spots

Cats with external parasites like fleas or mites usually respond wonderfully to monthly preventative medication, but all housemates need to be treated for this to be effective. Outdoor cats are more likely to have trouble with repeated infestations because getting the environment under control is impossible for them. Keep in mind, cats who have a flea allergy can suffer weeks of itchiness from just one flea bite.

Cat parents with kitties who are prone to bouts of overgrooming may benefit from keeping an Elizabethan collar (cone) at home. Cats hate them, but they are great at preventing overgrooming — as long as you get one long enough to be effective. Cones can also help you figure out if a bald spot is due to overgrooming or not.

If the spot is visibly resolving after a couple of weeks with a cone on, it’s probably self-inflicted. Although they can work well at resolving bald spots, cones are not a great long-term solution because no cat wants to live life in a cone, and getting rid of the cause of the itch will make them much happier.

Otherwise, avoiding stressors for your cat is key to prevention. Keep your kitty’s environment calm and pleasant. Invest in some distractions that provide enrichment and make time for interaction daily to keep your cat engaged. You may even find that playing with your cat helps your stress levels as well.

Related article

Best Kitten Dewormer

Because the early bird isn’t the only one who gets the worm(s).

FAQs (People also ask):

Why is my cat getting bald spots?

Bald spots in cats can be caused by a number of problems. Many are due to overgrooming, which can have medical or behavioral causes. But some bald spots are due to hair loss caused by a disease.

Is my cat going bald?

In non-hairless breeds, primary baldness is extremely rare. Cats generally lose hair due to an underlying problem. Finding and treating the medical problem at the root of your cat’s hair loss gives a good chance of resolving it.

Why does my cat have dandruff?

Dandruff can be triggered by almost anything that irritates a cat’s skin. Cat dandruff is commonly associated with the effects on the skin from issues like allergies, parasites, nutritional issues, and endocrine diseases.

References:

• A Clinical Approach to Alopecia in Cats

• A Thin Line: Normal Shedding vs. Feline Alopecia

• Diesel Oil-Induced Alopecia in Two Cats

• Evaluation of Hair Loss in Cats Occurring After Treatment With a Topical Flea Control product

• Underlying Medical Conditions in Cats With Presumptive Psychogenic Alopecia